animalfarm（动物庄园）英文原版笔记-第十章

第一句
Jones too was dead-he had died in an inebriates’ home in another part of the county.
琼斯也死了，他死在了该郡的另一个地方，一个收留酒鬼的房子里。
inebriate 陶醉的,酒鬼
ebri=drunken (醉)
inebriate 陶醉的,酒鬼
Clover was an old stout mare now, stiff in the joints and with a tendency to rheumy eyes.
克莱弗也成了一匹体态臃肿的老母马，她的骨节僵硬，眼里还常常带着一团眼屎。
rheumy
1.ADJ 形容词（常因患病或年老而眼睛）发红且泪汪汪的 If someone has rheumy eyes, their eyes are red and watery, usually because they are very ill or old.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n
【STYLE标签】：LITERARY 文
第二句
Only old Benjamin was much the same as ever, except for being a little greyer about the muzzle, and, since Boxer’s death, more morose and taciturn than ever.
只有老本杰明还是老样子，就是嘴巴周围的毛色变得苍老了一些，还有就是自从布克瑟死后，他变得更加忧郁，更加寡言。
morose
1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词阴郁的;脾气不好的;孤僻的
taciturn
1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 寡言少语的;沉默寡言的;不苟言笑
taciturn 不苟言笑的
→来自 tacit,安静的，-urn,形容词后缀。引申词义不苟言笑的。
Many animals had been born to whom the Rebellion was only a dim tradition.
许多动物出生在庄园，对于他们来说起义的故事不过是个模模糊糊的口头传说而已。
tradition ★★★☆☆
1.N-VAR 可变名词传统;传说
第三句
They accepted everything that they were told about the Rebellion and the principles of Animalism, especially from Clover, for whom they had an almost filial respect; but it was doubtful whether they understood very much of it.
关于起义的故事和动物主义的原则，只要讲给他们听，他们就全盘接受，尤其当克莱弗讲给他们听的时候——对于克莱弗，他们都有着一种近乎孝顺的尊敬。
filial
1.ADJ 形容词子女的;孝顺的 You can use filial to describe the duties, feelings, or relationships which exist between a son or daughter and his or her parents.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式
第四句
Napoleon had denounced such ideas as contrary to the spirit of Animalism. The truest happiness, he said, lay in working hard and living frugally.
拿破仑早就斥责这种想法与动物主义的精神相悖。他说，最最真实的幸福在于勤奋的工作和朴素的生活。
denounce vt. 谴责；告发；公然抨击；通告废除
frugal 节俭的
→来自fructus, 果实，词源同fruit. 原义为丰产的，丰富的，衍生词义节约的，节俭的，即节俭才能富裕之义。比较thrive, 繁盛，thrift，节俭
frugal adj. 节俭的；朴素的；花钱少的
Squealer told them that the pigs had to expend enormous labours every day upon mysterious things called ‘files’, ‘reports’, ‘minutes’ and ‘memoranda’.
例如，斯奎拉曾和他们说过，猪每天都要把大量的精力花在诸如“档案”、“报告”、“会议记录”和“备忘录”这样一些神秘的事情上。
minute
2.N-PLURAL 复数名词会议记录 The minutes of a meeting are the written records of the things that are discussed or decided at it.
【搭配模式】：oft N of n
He"d been reading the minutes of the last meeting.
他刚才一直在阅读上次会议的记录。
memorandum n. (备忘的)记录
非正式商业书信,便函
复数形式 memoranda
第五句
The animals found the problem insoluble; in any case they had little time for speculating on such things now.
动物们觉得这个问题搞不清楚，不过他们现在也很少有时间去推敲这个问题。
insoluble adj. 不能解决的,不溶的
And when they heard the gun booming and saw the green flag fluttering at the masthead, their hearts swelled with imperishable pride, and the talk turned always towards the old heroic days, the expulsion of Jones, the writing of the Seven Commandments, the great battles in which the human invaders had been defeated.
尤其当他们听到枪声鸣响，看到旗杆上绿旗飘扬时，心中更是充满了难以抑制的豪情，此时他们的话题也会转向那史诗般的岁月：他们如何赶走琼斯，怎样题写七诫，以及在大战中如何击退人类侵略者。

动物农场庄园 英文原版小说 Animal Farm George Orwell
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第六句
One day in early summer Squealer ordered the sheep to follow him and led them out to a piece of waste ground at the other end of the farm, which had become overgrown with birch saplings.
初夏的一天，斯奎拉命令所有的绵羊都跟他出去，把他们领到了庄园的另一端，那是一块长满桦树苗的荒地。
birch n. 桦木；桦树；桦条
vt. 用桦条鞭打
sapling
1.N-COUNT 可数名词幼树 A sapling is a young tree.
sapling n 小树苗(sap树液)
-ling表名词,”小东西或某种人”
birdling n 小鸟(bird鸟)
duckling n 小鸭(duck鸭)
fosling n 小鹅(goose鹅)
seedling n 幼苗(seed种子)
yeanling n 小山羊(yean羊)
sapling n 小树苗(sap树液)
tstripling n 年轻男子(strip脱衣服…胶衣服干活的小伙子)
underling n 下属(under在下面)
weakling n 体弱的人(weak虚弱的)
starveling n 饥饿的人(starve饿死)
第七句
sheep spent the whole day there browsing at the leaves under Squealer’s supervision.
在斯奎拉的监督下，绵羊在那里吃了整整一天树叶。
browse vi. 吃草,随意翻阅
It was just after the sheep had returned, on a pleasant evening when the animals had finished work and were making their way back to the farm buildings, that the terrified neighing of a horse sounded from the yard.
绵羊回来后不久，在一个宜人的傍晚，动物们刚刚收工，正准备回房的时候，突然听到院子里传来一声凄厉的马嘶。
neigh vi. 马嘶 n. 马嘶声
Yes, it was Squealer. A little awkwardly, as though not quite used to supporting his considerable bulk in that position, but with perfect balance, he was strolling across the yard.
是的，那是斯奎拉。他还有点笨拙，好像还不太习惯以那种姿势去支撑他肥胖的身躯，但却能很好地掌握平衡，他正在院子里散步。
And finally there was a tremendous baying of dogs and a shrill crowing from the black cockerel, and out came Napoleon himself, majestically upright, casting haughty glances from side to side, and with his dogs gambolling round him.
最后，在一阵异常响亮的狗吠声和黑色小公鸡尖细的啼叫声中，拿破仑亲自走了出来，他威严地直立着，用一种傲慢的目光四下扫视。他的狗则在他周围左蹦右跳。
haughty adj. 傲慢的, 目中无人的
第八句
A deputation of neighbouring farmers had been invited to make a tour of inspection.
邻近庄园的一些代表应邀来观光视察。他们参观了整个庄园。
deputation
1.N-COUNT 可数名词（尤指代表更多人提出投诉的）代表团
They worked diligently, hardly raising their faces from the ground, and not knowing whether to be more frightened of the pigs or of the human visitors.
他们都在认真地工作，几乎从不抬头看一眼。他们自己也搞不清他们到底是更怕猪，还是更怕人。
But before doing so there were a few words that he felt it incumbent upon him to say.
他说，一会他要请在座各位一起干杯，但干杯之前，他想先说几句话。
incumbent
adj. 在职的；义不容辞的
n. 教区牧师；教会中的任职者
2.ADJ 形容词成为责任的;义不容辞的;必须履行的 If it is incumbent upon you to do something, it is your duty or responsibility to do it.
【搭配模式】：it v-link ADJ upon/on n to-inf
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式
It is incumbent upon all of us to make an extra effort.
我们所有人都必须加倍努力。
There had been a time -- not that he, or any of the present company, had shared such sentiments -- but there had been a time when the respected proprietors of Animal Farm had been regarded, he would not say with hostility, but perhaps with a certain measure of misgiving,by their human neighbours.
曾经有一段时间，无论是他还是在座的各位都没有今天这样的感觉，的确有一段时间，尊敬的动物庄园的主人曾受到邻近的人类的关注，但与其说那是敌意，不如说那只是某种误会。
Too many farmers had assumed, without due enquiry, that on such a farm a spirit of licence and indiscipline would prevail.
于是许多庄园主就草率地断言，在这样的庄园里，一定充斥着散漫放肆的风气。
Here it became apparent that Mr Pilkington was about to spring some carefully-prepared witticism on the company, but for a moment he was too overcome by amusement to be able to utter it.
讲到这里，皮尔金顿先生显然打算说一句精心准备的俏皮话，但话还没出口，自己就有点乐不可支，以至于一时语塞。
witticism
1.N-COUNT 可数名词妙语;俏皮话;诙谐话 A witticism is a witty remark or joke.
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式
Mr Pilkington once again congratulated the pigs on the low rations, the long working-hours and the general absence of pampering which he had observed on Animal Farm.
皮尔金顿先生再次为他在动物庄园所见到的食物配给少，劳动时间长，并能保持艰苦朴素这些现象向猪表示祝贺。
pamper vt. 纵容;宠;娇养
第九句
When the cheering had died down, Napoleon, who had remained on his feet, intimated that he too had a few words to say.
喝彩声刚停下来，用后腿直立的拿破仑示意，他也有几句话要说。
intimate
adj. 亲密的；私人的；精通的；[婉]有性关系的
n. 至交；知己
vt. 暗示；通知；宣布
For a long time there had been rumours -- circulated, he had reason to think, by some malignant enemy-that there was something subversive and even revolutionary in the outlook of himself and his colleagues.
长期以来，一直有谣言说他和他的同行之间是一种颠覆和背叛的关系，但这肯定是一小撮别有用心的仇敌散布的。
subversive
adj. 破坏性的；从事颠覆的
n. 危险分子；颠覆分子
第十句
There was the same hearty cheering as before, and the mugs were emptied to the dregs.
房间里又响起了一阵和刚才一样的喝彩声，大家举杯一饮而尽。
dreg n. 渣滓,糟粕,沉淀物
There were shoutings, hangings on the table, sharp suspicious glances, furious denials. The source of the trouble appeared to be that Napoleon and Mr Pilkington had each played an ace of spades simultaneously.
在拍桌子，有的射出猜忌的锐利目光，有的在愤怒地矢口否认。争吵的原因似乎是拿破仑和皮尔金顿先生各自同时打出一张黑桃尖。