《管理英语4》期末复习题2解析

一、交际用语：选择一项正确答案 5小题，每小题2分，共10分。
试题 1
— What are your teammates like?
—_____________
A. They are all warmhearted and helpful.
B. They all like sports and games.
C. They are all good friends.
解析：本题考核“如何评价人”的交际用语。根据第一说话人的询问“你的队友怎么样？”，可以确定这里是询问对他人的看法，所以答案是A。
试题 2
— I am sorry for what I have said to you.
—_____________
A. No problem.
B. I"m sure about that.
C. Don"t think any more about it.
解析：本题考核“表达道歉”的交际用语。答语一般使用Never mind/ That"s OK/ It can"t be helped/ Don"t think any more about it等句型表达原谅。根据第一说话人包含的信息，确定是道歉，所以答案是C。
试题 3
— Will you help me arrange a meeting with Mr. Brown, please?
—_____________
A. No, no way.
B. No, I can"t.
C. Sorry I can"t. I have to finish my project right now.
解析：本题考核“寻求帮助”的交际用语。拒绝他人请求帮助的答语通常有“I"m afraid…/Sorry, …/I"d be glad to, but…”，所以答案是C。
试题 4
— Sorry for being late. I should have called you earlier.
—__________. I"ve just arrived
A. That"s no trouble
B. You are welcome
C. That"s all right
解析：本题考查交际用语。A项意为“一点也不麻烦”；B项意为“不用谢”；C项意为“好的，行，没关系”。根据“I"ve just arrived”可知，后者并没有介意前者的迟到，所以答案是C。
试题 5
—It"s about a successful businessman"s management experience, isn"t it?
— ____________
A. My pleasure!
B. That"s right!
C. It"s up to you!
解析：本题考核“肯定表达”的交际用语。原句用反意疑问句来获取对方肯定或否定意见；答语一般使用Yes, it is./No, it isn"t.等句型表达肯定或否定。选项A为“我很乐意”；选项B为“没错”；选项C为“由你决定”。所以答案是B。
二、词汇语法：选择一个正确答案 15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
试题 6
He will write to me as soon as he ______ home.
A. will have returned
B. returns
C. will return
译文：他一回到家就给我写信。
解析：as soon as“ 一…… 就……”，主句用一般将来时，as soon as引导的时间状语从句多用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以正确答案是B。
试题 7
How do you get your members to ______ as a team?
A. pull apart
B. pull up
C. pull together
译文：你如何把你的成员聚在一起，像一个团队一样齐心协力地合作？
解析：短语put apart使分开；pull up（车）停下；（某人）把车停下；pull together齐心协力，通力合作。根据句意，应选择“齐心协力”，所以答案是C。
试题 8
Self-esteem needs might include the ______ from a workplace.
A. rewards
B. rewarded
C. rewarded
译文：表示自尊的需求应该包括来自工作的奖励。
解析：reward为名词和及物动词，意为“报答；报偿；酬谢；奖赏”；rewarding为形容词，“值得做的；有意义的”。根据句子结构the… from，应选择一个名词的词语，所以答案是A。
试题 9
They have come to the conclusion ________ this winter will be even colder than before.
A. that
B. for
C. which
译文：我们已经得出结论，这个冬天将比以往都冷。
解析：本题考核同位语从句的用法。这是一个同位语从句，先行词是conclusion，同位语从句引导词通常是that，when，where，why，因此选A。
试题 10
Learning new things has always been a great ______ for me.
A. motivator
B. motivate
C. motivation
译文：对我而言，学习新知识一直是我的巨大动力。
解析：motivator（n.）“激起行为（或行动）的人（或事物），促进因素，激发因素”；motivate（v.）“激励，激发…的积极性”；motivation（n.）“动机，诱因”。能与a great/powerful/strong搭配的是motivator，所以答案是A。
试题 11
Team members are ______ as unique people with irreplaceable experiences, points of view, and knowledge to contribute.
A. treated
B. viewed
C. known
译文：团队成员被看成一群有不可取代的经验、观点和知识可以贡献出来的特殊人群。
解析：从句子结构分析，viewed和known都能与as连用。treated 对待；be viewed/considered/regarded/seen as（被认为…；被看成…）；be known as被称作…的；以…闻名的。根据句意“团队成员，与众不同的，独特的人群”，所以答案是B。
试题 12
At a rough ________, we will take another four weeks to finish this plan.
A. estimate
B. value
C. account
译文：据大致估计，我们还要花四周时间才能完成这项计划。
解析：词汇辨析题。 estimate估计，at a rough estimate大致估计；value价值，重要性； account账，账目。所以答案是A。
试题 13
The key ______ successful implementation is clearly communicating the strategy to the whole company.
A. to
B. in
C. of
译文：（方案得以）成功实施的关键在于向公司各部门清晰传达公司战略。
解析： the key to属于固定搭配，to是介词，后面跟名词或动名词。所以正确答案应该是A。
试题 14
AT&T found that employees with better planning and decision-making skills were ______ to be promoted into management jobs.
A. more likely
B. more like
C. more unlikely
译文： AT＆T发现，具有较好规划和决策能力的员工更有可能晋升到管理层中。
解析：be likely to do sth为固定搭配，likely为形容词，意为“很可能的，可能要发生的”，unlikely为likely的反义词，比较级more用于修饰形容词。根据语境，需选择“更有可能”的含义，所以答案是A。
试题 15
A child"s character is greatly influenced by his home ________.
A. case
B. environment
C. situation
译文：一个孩子的性格在很大程度上受家庭环境的影响。
解析：近义词辨析题。environment环境，四周，外界；environment和the 连用，有时指自然环境；case：某种特殊而具体的情形或状况；situation指因受外部事物或外来影响而出现的危急存亡等状态或形势。所以答案是B。
试题 16
He ordered that nothing ________ until the police arrived.
A. was touched
B. should be touched
C. had been touched
译文：他命令说，警察到来之前任何东西不得乱动。
解析：动词order后接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词应为should 动词原形或直接用动词原形，只有B项符合要求，因此正确答案是B。又如：The judge ordered that the man should be released. 法官下令那男子应该被释放。
试题 17
We ________ with achievement.
A. done
B. are obsessed
C. catch up
译文：我们迷恋成就。
解析： do with 意为“处理”；be obsessed with意为“沉迷，为……着迷”，catch up with意为“赶上”。 Achievement意为 “成就”，所以答案是B。
试题 18
______ CEOs spend planning, the more profitable their companies are.
A. The more time
B. The more
C. The less time
译文：首席执行官们花费在规划上的时间越多，他们的公司就越有效益。
解析：此句为the more… the more…引导的比较结构，根据句意，应选择表示更多时间，所以答案是A。
试题 19
When the message finally reached the Command Center, it __________ “mutated” to become —“Send three and four-pence, we"re going to a dance.”
A. was
B. had
C. have
译文：当此条消息最终传到指挥中心的时候，却已“变”成了“送三、四便士来，我们要去跳舞”。
解析：根据语境，主句事件发生在从句时间之前，所以当从句使用过去时reached，主句应使用过去完成时had “mutated”，因此正确答案是B。
试题 20
______ the job, employers don"t want to hire people who are difficult to get along with.
A. Despite of
B. Regardless
C. Regardless of
译文：无论什么样的工作，雇主都不愿意聘用难以相处的人。
解析：三个选项中，能与介词of搭配是regardless。regardless of不管怎样，无论如何；不管，不顾，所以答案是C。
三、阅读理解/听力理解/完形填空（题型随机）：2篇，每篇5小题，每小题4分，共40分。
试题 21 阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误。
Tips for Team Building
When you think of team building, do you immediately picture your group off at a resort playing games or hanging from ropes? Traditionally, many organizations approach team building in this way but, then, they wonder why that wonderful sense of teamwork that had been displayed at the retreat or the seminar fails to impact long term beliefs and actions back at work.
I"m not averse to retreats, planning sessions, seminars and team building activities — in fact I lead them — but they have to form part of a much larger teamwork effort. You will not build teamwork by “retreating” as a group for a couple of days each year, instead you need to think of team building as something you do every single day.
Form teams to solve real work issues and to improve real work processes. Provide training in systematic methods so the team expends its energy on the project, not on trying to work out how to work together as a team to approach the problem.
Hold department meetings to review projects and progress, to obtain broad input, and to coordinate shared work processes. If there is friction between team members, examine the work processes they mutually own — the problem is not usually their personalities; instead, it is often the fact that the team members haven"t agreed on how they will deliver a product or service, or the steps required to get something done.
Build fun and shared occasions into the organization"s agenda — hold pot luck lunches, take the team to a sporting event, sponsor dinners at a local restaurant, go hiking or go to an amusement park. Hold a monthly company meeting, sponsor sports teams and encourage cheering team fans.
Use ice breakers and teamwork exercises at meetings — these help team members get to know each other, share details about each others lives, and have a laugh together.
Celebrate team successes publicly. There are many ways you could do this, for instance by buying everyone the same T-shirt or hat, putting team member names in a draw for company merchandise and gift certificates. The only thing limiting you is your imagination.
If you do the types of teamwork building listed above, you"ll be amazed at the progress you will make in creating a teamwork culture, a culture that enables individuals to contribute more than they ever thought possible — together.
操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。
1. Team building event is traditionally related to playing games at resort. T
2. The author claims that playing games together is as important as form teams to solve real work issues and to improve real work processes for team building. F
3. “Retreat” in the first paragraph means withdrawal of troops after a defeat. F
4. Ice breaking motivates team members compete with each other. F
5. A good teamwork culture enables individuals make more efforts together. T
解析：
1. 这是一道细节题。本题询问传统团队建设活动是如何进行的。文章第一段指出When you think of team building, do you immediately picture your group off at a resort playing games or hanging from ropes? Traditionally, many organizations approach team building in this way…所以传统的团队建设就是玩游戏一类的活动，所以选T。
2. 这是一道主旨题。根据文章内容作者认为玩游戏的作用不大，组织团队去解决工作中的实际问题，促进工作进程才是好办法，所以选F。
3. 这是一道词义辨析。此题对应文章第一段的内容，retreat的原意是撤退，结合上下文的意思是休息寓所，所以选F。
4. 这是一道细节题。文章第六段指出Use ice breakers and teamwork exercises at meetings – these help team members get to know each other, share details about each other"s lives, and have a laugh together，所以破冰活动的功能是让团员相互认识了解，增进感情，并不是激励他们相互竞争，所以选F。
5. 这是一道理解题。文章第八段的a teamwork culture, a culture that enables individuals to contribute more than they ever thought possible – together的意思就是好的团队文化能让个体聚在一起做出更多努力，与题目意思一致，所以选T。
试题 22
阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误。
Create a Positive Workplace Culture
In competitive markets, leaders are under increased pressure to maintain a positive work culture. A positive work culture cultivates greater employee satisfaction; greater employee satisfaction contributes to higher performance; higher performance impacts improved client outcomes; improved client outcomes contribute to service excellence.
Positive work cultures are built over time and need constant attention. Such cultures are dependent on leadership vision and values.
An effective leader sets the tone for the team, encourages a positive workplace culture and is able to bring about cultural change.
Workplace culture is made up of the shared attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, values and expectations that influence the way people work in the workplace. It is “the way we do things around here”.
Some cultural aspects are understood by all and are obvious such as turning up for wok on time, while others may be "unwritten rules" that are not so obvious for example how personal issues are resolved with work colleagues.
Many factors that influence whether a workplace has a positive outlook are within the control of people who work in a workplace. There are also factors out of their control, such as slumps in global prices or a change in demand and supply. The company can, however, control how they respond to these factors.
Those companies that do create positive workplace environments develop a reputation in their community as being ‘good to work for" and have a competitive edge. Not only are these companies more able to attract and retain people, they tend to be more stable as they proactively deal with issues and adapt to change.
Teams work best when they are clear about what is expected of them. They are more able to deal with difficult issues if they feel the values of the organization are supportive of them.
For a workplace culture to be positive, the direction and actions of the business must be consistent with the core values of the people in the workplace. The people must trust each other and be able to openly express and exchange ideas.
Working through these steps will help with developing a positive business culture.
操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。
1. A positive work culture will give workers more satisfaction. T
2. Positive cultures have a lot to do with leadership vision and values. T
3. The direction and actions for the business must differ from the core values of the employees in order for a workplace culture to be positive. F
4. In competitive markets, leaders are under more and more pressure to keep a positive work culture. T
5. Positive work culture can be built in a short period of time. F
解析：
1. 根据文章第一段A positive work culture cultivates greater employee satisfaction，符合题意，所以选T。
2. 根据文章第二段Such cultures are dependent on leadership vision and values.句中such cultures指的是前一句中的positive work cultures，而are dependent on又与have a lot to do with意思吻合，所以选T。
3. 根据文章倒数第二段For a workplace culture to be positive, the direction and actions of the business must be consistent with the core values of the people in the workplace，企业的行动和方向必须与员工的核心价值观一致(be consistent with)而不是背道而驰(differ from)，所以选F。
4. 根据文章开头第一句In competitive markets, leaders are under increased pressure to maintain a positive work culture，句中increased意为more and more ，符合题意，所以选T。
5. 根据文章第二段中Positive work cultures are built over time.一句可知，积极的企业文化需要很长时间才能建立起来。题中的意思与此句意思相悖，所以选F。
四、写作：1篇，共20分。(另呈现）