她们才是真正的女王——历史上的今天：面包与玫瑰

01:55
Bread and Roses
James Oppenheim
As we come marching, marching, in the beauty of the day,
A million darkened kitchens, a thousand mill lofts gray,
Are touched with all the radiance that a sudden sun discloses,
For the people hear us singing: "Bread and Roses! Bread and Roses!"
As we come marching, marching, we battle too for men,
For they are women"s children, and we mother them again.
Our days shall not be sweated from birth until life closes;
Hearts starve as well as bodies: Give us Bread, but give us Roses!
As we come marching, marching, unnumbered women dead,
Go crying through our singing their ancient song of Bread;
Small art and love and beauty their trudging spirits knew.
Yes, it is Bread we fight for—but we fight for Roses, too!
As we come marching, marching, we bring the greater Days.
The rising of the women means the rising of the race.
No more the drudge and idler,ten that toil where one reposes,
But a sharing of life"s glories: Bread and Roses! Bread and Roses!

这首“面包与玫瑰”，改编自美国著名诗人詹姆斯·奥本海默的同名代表作《bread and roses》，由美国著名民谣歌手茱迪·科林斯在1976年录制，2014年收录在电影《骄傲》中。在电影中，由不堪重负的女工发起，工人们在集会上不约而同合唱的场景，可谓是既震撼又感人。
其实这个“面包与玫瑰”口号，并不是单纯物质与精神的选择，而是一百多年来对女性精神和物质生活的强烈诉求
20世纪初，当时西方各国正处在快速工业化和经济扩张阶段。恶劣的工作条件和低廉的工资使得各类抗议和罢工活动此起彼伏。1857年3月8日，美国纽约的制衣和纺织女工走上街头，抗议恶劣的工作条件和低薪。这是纽约有史以来发生的第一起女性罢工事件。
接下来的数年里，几乎每年的3月8日都有类似的抗议游行活动。其中最为引人注目的是在1908年3月8日，当时有将近15000名妇女走上纽约街头，要求缩短工作时间（十小时工作制），增加工资（最低工资标准）和享有选举权（妇女选举权）等，并喊出了象征经济保障和生活质量的“面包加玫瑰”Bread for all, and Roses too的口号。
这不仅仅是一道关于生存和尊严的选择题，而是一百多年来女性对自身权利的声嘶力竭！而她们，才是真正的女王！