「双语」最新研究：为什么心脏病患者更需要接种流感疫苗？

新的研究发现，流感可能会显著增加心脏病发作的风险。一位医生说，医学专家揭示了为什么病毒会使心脏处于危险之中——“请就医”。Flu diagnosis could significantly raise heart attack risk, new study finds. Medical experts reveal why virus can put heart in jeopardy — "seek medical attention," said one doctor.
荷兰的一项新研究发现，感染流感的人在确诊流感后的几天内心脏病发作的可能性可能高出六倍。据Medscape报道，该研究的成果计划于4月18日在丹麦哥本哈根举行的欧洲临床微生物学和传染病大会上发表。People who get influenza could be six times more susceptible to having a heart attack in the days following a flu diagnosis, a new study from the Netherlands has found. The study’s conclusions were scheduled to be presented on April 18 at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases in Copenhagen, Denmark, as reported by Medscape.
首席研究员、乌得勒支大学医学中心朱利叶斯生命科学和初级保健中心的Annemarijn de Boer博士分析了荷兰16个实验室的检测结果以及医疗和死亡记录。报告称，在2008年至2019年间的26221例流感病例中，401人在确诊后一年内至少经历了一次心脏病发作。The lead researcher, Dr. Annemarijn de Boer with the Julius Center for Life Sciences and Primary Care at the University Medical Center Utrecht, analyzed test results from 16 labs in the Netherlands, as well as medical and death records. Of 26,221 cases of influenza between the years 2008 and 2019, 401 people experienced at least one heart attack within a year of the diagnosis, the report said.
此外，研究人员发现，与前一年或后一年相比，人们在感染流感后一周内心脏病发作的可能性高6.16倍。然而，当排除医院外发生的死亡时，增加的风险是2.42倍，而不是6.16倍。Additionally, people had a 6.16 times higher likelihood of having a heart attack in the week after getting the flu compared to the year before or after, the researchers found. However, when excluding the deaths that occurred outside the hospital, the increased risk was 2.42 times instead of 6.16.
德波尔表示，这可能是因为荷兰的大多数流感检测都是在医院进行的，这意味着患者更有可能患上严重疾病。This is likely because most flu testing in the Netherlands is performed in the hospital, which means patients are more likely to have severe illness, according to de Boer.
安大略省多伦多市达拉拉纳公共卫生学院的Jeffrey C.Kwong博士领导的2018年加拿大一项研究也有类似的发现。研究人员发现，参与者在确诊后一周内心脏病发作的可能性是其他人的6.05倍。纽约市曼哈顿心脏病学的委员会认证心脏病专家Mary Greene博士没有参与这项研究，但对研究结果进行了审查。Similar findings came from a 2018 Canadian study led by Dr. Jeffrey C. Kwong from the Dalla Lana School of Public Health in Toronto, Ontario. Researchers found that participants were 6.05 times more likely to have a heart attack in the week after diagnosis. Board-certified cardiologist Dr. Mary Greene with Manhattan Cardiology in New York City was not involved in the study, but reviewed the findings.
格林告诉福克斯新闻数字频道：“虽然这项荷兰研究的方法没有产生那么多有力的数据，但这项研究肯定与之前得出类似结论的研究相呼应”。她补充道：“我确实同意，流感会增加特定人群中心脏病发作的几率，尤其是那些有潜在心脏病的患者”。"While the methodology of this particular Dutch study did not yield as much robust data, the study certainly echoes previous studies that have come to similar conclusions," Greene told Fox News Digital. "I do agree that a flu diagnosis can increase the odds of heart attack in a select group of patients, especially those with underlying heart disease," she added.
格林说，在被诊断为流感的患者中，心脏病发作的增加很大程度上源于炎症过程和当某人对抗流感或其他病毒性疾病时在体内创造的环境。The increase in heart attacks among patients diagnosed with influenza, said Greene, largely stems from the inflammatory process and the environment that is created within the body when someone is fighting off the flu or other viral illnesses.

她说：“体内的这种炎症会使胆固醇斑块更容易破裂，血液更容易凝结，这是心肌梗死（心脏病发作）和缺血性中风的潜在机制”。"Such inflammation in the body can make cholesterol plaques more vulnerable to rupture and blood more likely to clot, which is the underlying mechanism of both myocardial infarction (heart attack) and ischemic stroke," she said.
预防、早期发现是关键
纽约市的格林说，为了帮助将心脏病发作的风险降至最低，所有人都应该从40岁开始进行心血管筛查，如果家族中有早期心脏病病史，则应该更早进行。To help minimize the risk of heart attacks, all people should have a cardiovascular screening starting at age 40, or earlier if there is a history of early heart disease in the family, said Greene of New York City.

她说：“我还建议所有有潜在冠状动脉疾病、支架病史、心脏病发作史和心力衰竭史的患者每年接种流感疫苗”。“心血管疾病患者在感染流感病毒时，可以从流感疫苗中获得更大的益处，从而预防心脏病发作。”"I also recommend that all patients with underlying coronary artery disease, history of stents, history of heart attack and history of heart failure have their annual flu shot," she said."Cardiovascular patients see a larger benefit from influenza vaccination in terms of protection against a heart attack should they become infected with the influenza virus."
新泽西州的Bober说，这些发现应该提醒我们，看似普通的感冒可能会演变成严重的医疗问题。他补充道：“任何有胸痛或呼吸急促的人，尤其是那些有潜在心脏病、肺病、糖尿病或肾病等高风险疾病的人，都应该尽早就医”。These findings should serve as a reminder that seemingly common colds can turn into serious medical issues, Bober of New Jersey said. "Anyone with concerning chest pain or shortness of breath — especially those with high-risk medical conditions such as underlying heart disease, lung conditions, diabetes or kidney disease — should seek medical attention sooner rather than later," he added.